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The History of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign dates back to 1862. U of I (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois, UIUC, or simply Illinois) is a public research-intensive university in the U.S. state of Illinois. A land-grant university, it is the flagship campus of the University of Illinois system. The University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign opened on March 2, 1868 and is the second oldest public university in the state (after Illinois State University), and is a founding member of the Big Ten Conference. ==Beginnings== Established as one of 37 public land-grant institutions established after the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act. The act was signed by Abraham Lincoln on July 2, 1862. The Morrill Act of 1862 granted each state in the United States a portion of land on which to establish a major public state university, one which could teach agriculture, mechanic arts, and military training, "without excluding other scientific and classical studies."〔Illini Years: A Picture History of the University of Illinois (1950). p.6"〕 This phrase would engender controversy over the University's initial academic philosophies, polarizing the relationship between the people of Illinois and the University's first president, John Milton Gregory.〔Illini Years: A Picture History of the University of Illinois (1950). p.11"〕 Illinois was one of seven commonwealths that had not formed a state university. The grant established eligibility for 480,000 acres of public scrip land valued at $600,000. In 1867 the state established a university for the purpose of fostering access to higher education for the working people.〔 After a bidding war between several cities, Urbana was selected in 1867 as the site for the new school.〔 From the beginning, Gregory's desire to establish an institution firmly grounded in the liberal arts tradition, which was at odds with many State residents and lawmakers who wanted the university to offer classes based solely around "industrial education"〔Brichford, Maynard. (1983), ''(A Brief History of the University of Illinois )''〕 The University opened for classes on March 2, 1868, with two faculty members and 77 students.〔McGinty, Alice. ("The Story of Champaign-Urbana" ) Champaign Public Library〕 This same year the The College of Agriculture, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences and the College of Fine and Applied Arts (Then called the College of Literary Science) were established. This was then followed by The College of Engineering in 1868. The debate between the liberal arts curriculum and industrial education continued in the University's inaugural address, as Dr. Newton Bateman outlined the various interpretations of the Morrill Act in his speech.〔"Address of Dr. Newton Bateman" in "Some Founding Papers of the University of Illinois" (Urbana, 1967). p.17〕 Gregory's thirteen-year tenure would be marred by this debate. Clashes between Gregory and legislators and lawmakers forced his resignation from his post as president in 1880, saying "(am ) staggering under too heavy a load of cares, and irritated by what has sometimes seemed as needless opposition."〔 Nevertheless, Gregory is largely credited with establishing the University as it is today. Gregory's grave is on the Urbana campus, between Altgeld Hall and the Henry Administration Building. His headstone (mimicking the epitaph of British architect Christopher Wren) reads, "If you seek his monument, look about you." The Library which opened with the school in 1868, started with 1,039 volumes and grows slowly until 1909, where an increase in library resources made the University Library. Eventually, the then University President Edmund J. James, in a speech to the Board of Trustees in 1912, proposes to create a research library on a par with those at the great German academic institutions. He states that the Library should accumulate "...at least a million of books as rapidly as possible..." and that the state "...spend a million dollars to build a new building to house the collection." Today the University Library system is one of the largest in the nation.〔 In 1870 the Mumford House was constructed as a model farmhouse for the school's experimental farm. As of today, the Mumford House is the oldest structure on campus.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://uihistoriesproject.chass.illinois.edu/virtualtour/landmarks/almamater/ )〕 Main University Hall, which was the 4th building built on the UIUC campus was built in 1871. The Original University Hall stood where the Union presently stands today. In 1877 Harker Hall was built and was known as the Chemical Laboratory Later the building was named in honor of Oliver A. Harker, who served as dean of the university's law school from 1903 to 1916.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://illinois.edu/about/overview/facts/landmarks.html )〕 During this same time student run initiatives such as the campus paper The Daily Illini begins in 1871. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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